Claude Lévi-Strauss Life, Work, and Theories

Claude Là ©vi-Strauss (November 28, 1908 – October 30, 2009) was a French anthropologist and one of the most prominent social scientists of the twentieth century. He is best known as the founder of structural anthropology and for his theory of structuralism. Là ©vi-Strauss was a key figure in the development of modern social and cultural anthropology, and was widely influential outside of his discipline. Fast Facts: Claude Là ©vi-Strauss Occupation: AnthropologistBorn: November 28, 1908 in Brussels, BelgiumEducation: University of Paris (Sorbonne)Died: October 30, 2009 in Paris, FranceKey Accomplishments: Developed the influential concept of structural anthropology as well as new theories of myth and kinship. Life and Career Claude Là ©vi-Strauss was born to a Jewish French family in Brussels, Belgium and later raised in Paris. He studied philosophy at the Sorbonne. Several years after his graduation, the French Ministry of Culture invited him to take a position as a visiting professor of sociology at the University of Sà £o Paolo in Brazil. After moving to Brazil in 1935, Là ©vi-Strauss held this teaching position until 1939. In 1939, Là ©vi-Strauss resigned to conduct anthropological fieldwork in indigenous communities in the Mato Grasso and Brazilian Amazon regions, launching the beginning of his research on and with indigenous groups of the Americas. The experience would have a profound affect on his future, paving the way for a groundbreaking career as a scholar. He achieved literary fame for his 1955 book Tristes Tropiques, which chronicled part of his time in Brazil. Claude Là ©vi-Strauss’ academic career began to take off as Europe spiraled into World War II and he was fortunate to escape France for the U.S., thanks to a teaching post at the New School for Research in 1941. While in New York, he joined a community of French intellectuals who successfully found refuge in the U.S. amidst the fall of their home country and the rising tide of anti-Semitism in Europe. Là ©vi-Strauss remained in the U.S. until 1948, joining a community of fellow Jewish scholars and artists escaping persecution that included linguist Roman Jakobson and Surrealist painter Andrà © Breton. Là ©vi-Strauss helped found the École Libre des Hautes Études (French School for Free Studies) with fellow refugees, and then served as a cultural attachà © to the French embassy in Washington, DC. Là ©vi-Strauss returned to France in 1948, where he received his doctorate from the Sorbonne. He quickly established himself within the ranks of French intellectuals, and he was the director of studies at the École des Hautes Études at the University of Paris from 1950 to 1974. He became the chair of Social Anthropology at the famed Collà ¨ge de France in 1959 and held the position until 1982. Claude Là ©vi-Struass died in Paris in 2009. He was 100 years old. Structuralism Là ©vi-Strauss formulated his famous concept of structural anthropology during his time in the U.S. Indeed, this theory is unusual in anthropology in that it is inextricably linked to the writing and thinking of one scholar. Structuralism offered a new and distinctive way to approach the study of culture, and built on the scholarly and methodological approaches of cultural anthropology and structural linguistics. Là ©vi-Strauss held that the human brain was wired to organize the world in terms of key structures of organization, which enabled people to order and interpret experience. Since these structures were universal, all cultural systems were inherently logical. They simply used different systems of understanding to explain the world around them, resulting in the stunning diversity of myths, beliefs, and practices. The anthropologist’s task, according to Là ©vi-Strauss, was to explore and explain the logic within a particular cultural system. Structuralism used the analysis of cultural practices and beliefs, as well as the fundamental structures of language and linguistic classification, to identify the universal building blocks of human thought and culture. It offered a fundamentally unifying, egalitarian interpretation of people across the world and from all cultural backgrounds. At our core, Là ©vi-Strauss argued, all people use the same basic categories and systems of organization to make sense of the human experience. Là ©vi-Strauss concept of structural anthropology aimed to unify – at the level of thought and interpretation – the experiences of cultural groups living in highly variable contexts and systems, from the indigenous community he studied in Brazil to the French intellectuals of World War II era New York. The egalitarian principles of structuralism were an important intervention in that they recognized all people as fundamentally equal, regardless of culture, ethnicity, or other socially constructed categories. Theories of Myth   Là ©vi-Strauss developed a deep interest in Native American beliefs and oral traditions during his time in the U.S. The anthropologist Franz Boas and his students had pioneered ethnographic studies of the indigenous groups of North America, compiling vast collections of myths. Là ©vi-Strauss, in turn, sought to synthesize these in a study spanning the myths from the Arctic to the tip of South America. This culminated in  Mythologiques  (1969, 1974, 1978, and 1981), a four-volume study in which Là ©vi-Strauss argued that myths could be studied to reveal the universal oppositions – such as dead versus living or nature versus culture – that organized human interpretations of and beliefs about the world. Là ©vi-Strauss posited structuralism as an innovative approach to the study of myths. One of his key concepts in this regard was the  bricolage, borrowing from the French term to refer to a creation that draws from a diverse assortment of parts. The  bricoleur, or the individual engaged in this creative act, makes use of what is available. For structuralism, bricolage  and  bricoleur  are used to show the parallels between Western scientific thought and indigenous approaches. Both are fundamentally strategic and logical, they simply make use of different parts.  Là ©vi-Strauss elaborated on his concept of the  bricolage  with respect to the anthropological study of myth in his seminal text,  The Savage Mind  (1962). Theories of Kinship Là ©vi-Strauss’ earlier work focused on kinship and social organization, as outlined in his 1949 book  The Elementary Structures of Kinship.  He sought to understand how categories of social organization, such as kinship and class, were formed. These were social and cultural phenomena, not natural (or pre-ordained) categories, but what caused them? Là ©vi-Strauss’ writings here centered on the role of exchange and reciprocity in human relationships. He was also interested in the power of the incest taboo to push people to marry outside of their families and the subsequent alliances that emerged. Rather than approaching the incest taboo as biologically-based or assuming that lineages should be traced by familial descent, Là ©vi-Strauss focused instead on the power of marriage to create powerful and lasting alliances between families. Criticism Like any social theory, structuralism had its critics. Later scholars broke with the rigidity of Là ©vi-Strauss’ universal structures to take a more interpretative (or hermeneutic) approach to cultural analysis. Similarly, the focus on underlying structures potentially obscured the nuance and complexity of lived experience and daily life. Marxist thinkers also criticized the lack of attention to material conditions, such as economic resources, property, and class. Structuralism is curious in that, although it was widely influential in multiple disciplines, it was not typically adopted as a strict method or framework. Rather, it offered a new lens with which to examine social and cultural phenomena. Sources Bloch, Maurice.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Claude Là ©vi-Strauss Obituary.† The Guardian.  November 3, 2009.Harkin, Michael.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Claude Là ©vi-Strauss.† Oxford Bibliographies.  September 2015.Là ©vi-Strauss, Claude.  Tristes Tropiques.  Translated by John Russell. Hutchinson Company, 1961.  Là ©vi-Strauss, Claude. Structural Anthropology. Translated by Claire Jacobson and Brooke G. Schoepf. Basic Books, Inc., 1963.Là ©vi-Strauss, Claude. The Savage Mind. The  University of Chicago Press, 1966.Là ©vi-Strauss, Claude. The Elementary Structures of Kinship. Translated by J.H. Bell, J.R. VonSturmer, and Rodney Needham. Beacon Press, 1969.Rothstein, Edward.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Claude Là ©vi-Strauss, 100, Dies; Altered Western Views of ‘The Primitive.’† The New York Times.  November 4, 2009.

Dracula-Nosferatu Comparison Essay - 650 Words

Dracula-Nosferatu Comparison I have recently watched clips from the beginnings of two vampire movies. The two films were, of course, very different things. One was Nosferatu a product of the 1920s. I am lucky to have seen it considering how it was banned by a judge of the time and all copies ordered destroyed. Of course as attitudes change in cinema and with the introduction of the BBFC censorship system it was released again. The other movie though was a completely different kettle of marine life; it was Bram Stokers Dracula and bore about as much resemblance to Bram Stokers story as myself to a chimp. If it was named Parody Of Bram Stokers Dracula, Allegorical Tale Featuring†¦show more content†¦These and other social factors influenced the making of the films to a great extent, while Nosferatu was considered scary at the time of its making, most of the enjoyment derived from it by a modern audience is either amusement at the primitiveness of the effects or a vague and slightly misplaced nostalgia for a era of time most never witnessed. Technology of course allows the audience to be shocked in every more inventive ways until eventually old techniques seem simple and become ineffective. The approach to castles in the film is a good example of this. Nosferatu is of course all soundless so the coach journey features many statements to explain whats happening (held up on card of course). The journey is filmed in daylight so at the beginning the driver announces it is almost midnight! This is slightly bizarre as the sky is rather bright but fortunately the effect is aided by the bats which were specially trained to fly in daylight. The coach is of the normal old cavern time with the familiar Semitic figure this time cowled in black driving. The effect of a magically fast journey is created by fast violin music and someone turning the handle on the camera (a hand winder considering the era) faster than normal. The effect is simple and rather jerkyShow MoreRelatedSexuality In Bram Stokers Dracula1082 Words   |  5 PagesSexuality in Bram Stoker s DraculaBram Stoker s Dracula, favorably received by critics upon publication in 1897, entertained its Victorian audience with unspeakable horrors such as vampires invading bedrooms to p rey on beautiful maidens under the guise of night. The novel s eroticism proved even more unspeakable. Received in the era of repression, it remains questionable whether Dracula s readership perceived the sexuality flowing from the page. An advocate for the censorship of sexual materialRead MoreReview Of Jemaine Clement s The Shadows 1482 Words   |  6 Pagesdesire to kill, and consuming blood. Within these four characters we notice the intertextuality of the film. Petyr represents an early film representation ‘Nosferatu’ from the 1922 film titled ‘Nosferatu’ as well. Nosferatu is derived from the greek word Nosophoros and means ‘plague carrier’ (Hampl Hampl). Vladislav can be compared to Dracula, We can see these features of the vampire predator consistently throughout the characterisation of the vampires within What We Do In The Shadows but in theRead MoreTransformers: Revenge of the Fallen1588 Words   |  6 Pagesover 30% of the entire series’ sales. Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster’s famous comic book series Superman, originating in 1938, was popular, ranking in at #40 on Comichron’s June 2013 Comic Book Sales Figures list of 360 comics. However, it paled in comparison to Scott Snyder’s comic Superman Unchained. Snyder’s comic was released in June of 2013, the same month in which the blockbuster film â€Å"Man of Steel† hit theatres. Snyder’s comic was an impressive hit, ranking in at #1 on the same list (comichron

Essay on Disingenuous Advertising in the American Food Industry free essay sample

Western consumers are amongst the most ignorant and not to mention, rash consumers on the planet. Sadly, American consumers are the poster children for such blind purchasing. How often do you see a quite rotund individual in line at a fast food restaurant, ordering up a triple-stacker bacon cheeseburger, a large fry, and a Diet Coke? Such a meal is no less a contributor to said individual’s slow culinary suicide, than the same order of food with a non-diet variety of soda. The problem is that we love to subliminally associate positive words with positive choices. Doing so causes us to feel better about the decisions we make, especially in the respect of food. This poses quite a serious problem; because the use of positive-word-association in food advertising, many Americans have succeeded in lulling themselves into a false sense of security without even knowing it. Just like the vast predominance of voters go to the polls and vote ignorantly, American consumers of food do the same in the products and brands that they decide to patronize. Despite all this, two conclusions must not be rashly drawn. One: the epidemic of obesity and consumer ignorance, while is largely to blame on the carelessness of consumers, is also partially due to food producers’ mega-capitalistic approach in marketing that has driven them to do literally anything within legal limits to promote their product(s) and ensure that the abovementioned goods are by and large able to deceive the majority of the American consumer base. Two: while one might be tempted to label the widespread deception in marketing as â€Å"false† advertising, this is almost never the case. Food companies (well, all companies, really) are bound by law to not make false claims about the product(s) they sell. So, to remove this barrier, culinary-consumerism based companies tell the one positive thing about their product in giant bold print on the front of their merchandise, while leaving the more undesirable facts printed on the back (or even better, the bottom) of their goods in miniscule print. The old saying, â€Å"The large print giveth, and the small print taketh away.† is of no greater truth than in this arena (except, of course, for labyrinthine legal documents, which I have found, generally consist exclusively of small print). Bags of potato chips, boxes of doughnuts, and packets of gum and breath mints, all proudly display claims such as: â€Å"NO TRANS FAT!† or â€Å"ONLY 120 calories per serving!† or â€Å"SUGAR FREE!† What these companies fail to mention up front is that while that box of Krispy Kremes ® is trans fat free, each Original Glazed ® doughnut inside packs in a hip widening and artery clogging 200 calories and 12 grams of fat. That bag of chips that claims to have only 120 calories per serving, doesn’t have a single calorie more; the catch is that a serving size is four chips, so by the time you’ve had your snack of say 25 chips or so, you’ve enjoyed 720 satisfying calories and enough sodium to last for 2 days. Oh, and what about that innocent pack of gum, you ask? Well, as you might have guessed by now, it is, in fact, completely sugar free, but veiled in the superfluity of multisyllabic words that comprise the ingredient list, is an ingredient that is above the suspicion of the average consumer: gum base. Well, thanks to woefully lax standards of identity (set, interestingly enough, by the USDA), the words â€Å"gum base† are allowed to mask the fact that the aforementioned component consists of multiple ingredients in and of itself. To list just a few: petroleum, lanolin, glycerin, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, petroleum wax, stearic acid, and latex (a possible allergen). Within this list we find even more confounding words, hidden in which are things such as crushed insects, animal fat-derived gelatin, and powder from marble and horse hooves to coat the gum and prevent if from sticking to its wrapper. This poses a serious problem for vegan consumers who could very easily unknowingly purchase products such as the latter and inadvertently be supporting the slaughter and use of animals. Regardless of dietary lifestyle, I feel that most individuals, if they knew what some of the foods they ate contained, would have a serious â€Å"ew factor† to deal with in any future consumption of such. What does all this say? Two things: One, American consumers are abysmally uneducated and apathetic about the ingredients/nutritional value of the majority of the foods they consume on a regular basis. Secondly, the government of this nation (and others as well), specifically the USDA needs to set higher standards for how food products can be advertised. Deceptive advertising is just as wrong as false advertising and should be put to a stop nationwide. ALL ingredients and the source of origin should be required on ALL food packaging made in the United States, of made internationally for consumption here. The USDA should necessitate listing of ALL SPECIFIC food allergens on food packaging as well as information regarding if the product in question is vegan, kosher, etc. This great nation has often found itself last in many arenas throughout history. Britain outlawed the slave trade in 1807, while it took us decades before we were able to. We are still the only nation in the Western civilized world without universal healthcare. We are sole country in the west that still uses the death penalty and, aside from Mexico, are still the only ones without full and equal rights for LGBTQA individuals. We need to embrace progressive change instead of succumbing to it. If we lead the way in the regulation of misleading advertisement in the food industry, other nations would follow in the domino effect that we have seen quite often throughout recent history.

Ethical Essay Topics - How They Improve Your Writing

Ethical Essay Topics - How They Improve Your WritingIf you want to increase your effectiveness in an essay, you should consider following ethical essay topics. These topics have been used by many college students for many years and they have improved their success. Why do they work? Here are some of the reasons why you should choose ethical essay topics.First, it is easy for students to get their own thoughts out into the written form of an essay. You have to read your essays closely or else you will forget the details of the topic. Therefore, if you have an idea of what to say in the essay, make sure you don't forget the points or keep on coming up with ideas that aren't relevant to the topic at hand.Second, if you follow ethical essay topics correctly, it's easy to see how much an essay can be influenced by you. After you read the paper and are familiar with the topic, then you can pick the same topic and try out the same technique, thus creating a repeat of writing and reading an essay.Third, by using ethical essay topics you will soon realize how much you need to be creative in your ideas. When you think of what the essay should contain, you might run into thoughts that aren't likely to appear in the essay. By having the freedom to pick from ethical essay topics, you can create your own unique pieces of writing and this allows you to overcome any obvious flaws that come from using some standard essay topic ideas.Fourth, it is quite easy to find ethics-related essay topics if you do a simple search online. It is important, however, that you use common sense and don't use too many ethical essay topics and never use plagiarism.Finally, if you focus on ethical essay topics, you can see improvement in your writing without changing it drastically. Even if you keep on improving your writing style, it's better to keep on using ethical essay topics than some new style for every essay.So if you really want to improve your essay by focusing on ethical essay topics, th ere are lots of good places to start. The next time you write an essay, use ethical essay topics to give your writing more substance and learn how to make yourself more effective.

New Questions About Mock Essay Topics Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report

New Questions About Mock Essay Topics Answered and Why You Must Read Every Word of This Report New Questions About Mock Essay Topics There are several persuasive essay topics to select from to finish your high school or college assignment. The intent of assigning an essay to middle school students is to make awareness and permit them to develop writing skills. School tests aren't powerful. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory for the initial five years after obtaining a license. How to Find Mock Essay Topics Online Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper will help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on distinct views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. In general, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. Using Mock Essay Topics If yo u get to select your own topic, that's excellent. Qualities of a great persuasive essay topic The topic needs to be specific. Thus, it should be debatable! Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's vital to at all times be critically contemplating the world around us. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. In scenarios when you get to select the topic for an argumentative essay, you need to be wise and locate a title that will intrigue a reader. The simplest way to pick out a persuasive essay topic is to talk about a present issue. The key to pick a very good topic for an argumentative essay is to select a subject where there's a lot of debates on topics or stances. Choosing Mock Essay Topics The shortage of very good support sources are going to result in a decrease grade. Since you may see, there's a multitude of different argumentative paper titles you are able to utilize. It is extremely important to pick a great topic as a way to compose a terrific paper. So, below are some suggestions, collected and listed from the very best inventory. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Mock Essay Topics Don't forget that the topic you select ought to be similar to your point of view and ought to reflec t your thoughts about the topic. Persuasive essays are a really good method to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. So, the best method to compose a wonderful persuasive essay is to locate a theme you're familiarized with and wish to share your experience with the reader. Just comply with the guidelines stated above, and you will be well on your way to writing a great persuasive essay. If it's a college essay, it is crucial to consider what aspects of it is going to be evaluated. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. Locating good essay topics you might discuss effectively and create powerful argumentative essays is a tough work. Always remember a great persuasive essay ought to be persuasive. The Lost Secret of Mock Essay Topics Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you should first think about what it is that you're likely t o put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. There are several steps that you should take as a way to compose a superb essay. Our seasoned persuasive paper writers will supply you with effective solutions to ordinary problems, even supposing it is an argumentative essay. There are a couple basic guidelines to follow as a way to be in a position to compose a very good persuasive essay. The Mock Essay Topics Cover Up After picking your subject, you have to have the five varieties of arguments at the rear of your head throughout your writing. Second, talk what you shouldn't do instead of what has to be carried out. After you settle on this issue and pick the position on which you will base your essay, the remainder of the job can then begin. When you're picking your topic, bear in mind that it's much simpler to write about something which you currently have interest ineven in case you don't know a good deal about it. Get the Scoop on Mock Essa y Topics Before You're Too Late The list is really endless. Since you can see, a number of the topics listed are new and tackle the present issues happening in the World today. It's possible for you to pick topics from assorted lists of ready themes. Take notes concerning all prospective topics you'll be able to consider. There are lots of aspects about a sport which can be argued in an essay. The aim of such essays isn't to demonstrate your knowledge, yet to exhibit the crucial thinking and analytical skills. Anyway, direct and indirect quotes are necessary to support your understanding of academic writing style. A student ought to keep in contact with the hottest trends and know which persuasive essay topics are related to sound convincing in regards to defending personal opinions.

An Essay About Anorexia Should Not Be Short on Blurbs

An Essay About Anorexia Should Not Be Short on BlurbsAn essay about anorexia should not be limited to one-line blurbs that are clearly inadequate. In fact, you want to make sure that your essay is written in a way that makes the reader do a double take. Here are three ways to approach the topic. Each of these strategies will change the tone of your essay.* The first way to approach your essay is to state what you want to say in the introduction. This is the place to start. The introduction allows you to introduce yourself and your topic. It also introduces your content to the reader. If you do this right, you will be surprised how well you'll be received by readers when you submit your essay.* The second way to approach your essay is to do your research. By researching your topic and putting it in writing, you will be able to create connections with other authors who have written about the same topic. When you do this, you will become a more respected writer in the future. You will a lso find yourself influencing others who have already written about the topic.* The third way to approach your essay is to use language that will set the tone for your essay. For example, if you have anorexia, use hyperbole and or exaggeration as much as possible. If you feel that you have to describe a small detail, choose a detail and then use exaggeration. If you are trying to motivate a patient, for example, use metaphors. This will give readers a feeling of awe at the plight of your patient.The last strategy is the best strategy. The purpose of your essay is to inform others of your experience. So you will want to show your readers that you have a kind heart. You want them to know that you love and care for them.That is why you should include the things that make you special in your essay. What makes you stand out from other writers. How you have come to write and care about this topic.Make sure you only use the strategies that you can do well with. Others will be happy to read your essay. And you will see that your essay is easier to write and more interesting.

Things You Should Know About Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples

Things You Should Know About Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples The Fundamentals of Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples Revealed At times, you're expected to choose a topic yourself. Regardless of what topic you select, you have to show the function of the piece very clearly in your essay. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. There are a lot of factors that have to be considered if you would like to pick a workable and intriguing essay topic. List the focal points that you should compare in your essay following a specific pattern. A thesis takes a crucial role in the entire essay writing process as it essentially sets the mood for the entire essay. Your thesis is the fundamental argument your whole essay will revolve around. Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples - Overview Becoming in a position to create critical managerial decision is crucial in exercising superior performance. Concerning the leadership, so it's primarily connected to the ability to adequately cope with change. The concepts of leadership and management aren't always identical, but the the heart of their differences, the majority of people understand wrongly. To be an effective leader it's important to center on the determined details of a scenario, start looking for opportunities and the way to achieve them. It's possible to simply compare distinctive events and other parts of information relating to that topic. In yo ur Venn diagram, you'll have several points and examples from the 2 subjects. As soon as you have narrowed your focus, after that you can recognize the points in your Venn diagram which you will have in your paper. The vital style of an essay needs to be retained even though the contents will have a good deal of references to statistical data along with graphical charts. China has many various organic resources probably due to its vastness. The company world is excellent in dimensions. In addition, it raises the revenue that may be generated by organisations providing luxury goods and solutions. Through research, the business has been in a position to recognize the weaknesses of its competitors in the global market (Paley, 2006), and utilize it like an advantage to raise its advertising strength and to get a massive market share. On the other hand, it must incorporate new information technologies in their operations in order to gain a competitive advantage over the competitors in the market. Through research and product innovation, it has been able to meet the needs of its consumers in the globe by providing products and services of high quality. Through the use of new information technologies, Unilever Company has been in a position to promote their goods across the whole planet, even in the countries that the company doesn't have any outlet. The collective means of managing gives an opportunity for that sort of information to be transferred to the management directly from the lowest level of workers. A manager transacts with the everyday errands of the organization l ike planning, organizing, and controlling but when you are an excellent leader you have the ability to make effective changes in the workplace. Great managers aren't always excellent leaders. The standard manager tends to concentrate on the everyday pursuits and short-term profits. Leadership and management are two means of organizing people which are effectively utilised in business relationships. Sources of internal forces may be the provider's stakeholders, for instance, managers and the employees. Influencing involves motivation of the employees. Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples Options Additional an essay writer must also have the ability to offer valid references on the arguments he would want to include in the paragraph. Writing is a skill that someone can learn. Remember, it is a process that requires several steps. The Ultimate Writing a Business Essay on Comparison of Two Managers Samples Trick In the state of risk, the decision maker has little information regarding the available alternatives and solutions to the issue but has a rough idea about the chance of the outcomes of the several alternatives. The phase of the business's development is another determining factor. It achieves establishing effective mech anisms to avoid pollution of the surrounding environment. It achieves this by establishing effective health and safety programs in order to take care of employees' welfare. Although, the company doesn't have outlets in all countries around the planet, it supplies its sales to several countries through E-business. The range of this paper is to provide a wide perspective of the return derived from industrial and business productivity in the uk. Thus, it will help to reduce the investment risk of ordinary shareholders. Another challenge this company might experience at the current financial situation might be the government regulations in a variety of nations.